Shoulder

Shoulder Anatomy

The shoulder is the most flexible joint in the body enabling a wide range of movements including, forward flexion, abduction, adduction, external rotation, internal rotation, and 360-degree circumduction.

Shoulder instability is a chronic condition that causes frequent dislocations of the shoulder joint.A dislocation occurs when the end of the humerus (the ball portion) partially or completely dislocates from the glenoid (the socket portion) of the shoulder. A partial dislocation is referred to as a subluxation whereas a complete separation is referred to as a dislocation.

The rotator cuff is the group of muscles and tendons in the shoulder joint providing support and enabling wider range of motion. Major injury to these tendons may result in a rotator cuff tear. It is one of the most common causes of shoulder pain in middle aged adults and older individuals.

Shoulder impingement is the condition of inflammation of the tendons of the shoulder joint. It is one of the most common causes of pain in the adult shoulder. The shoulder is a ball and socket joint. A ball at the top of the upper arm bone, humerus, fits neatly into a socket, called the glenoid, which is part of the shoulder blade, scapula. Shoulder impingement may also called as swimmer's shoulder, tennis shoulder, rotator cuff tendinitis or bursitis.

The shoulder joint is a ball and socket joint. A ball at the top of the upper arm bone (the humerus) fits neatly into a socket, called the glenoid, which is part of the shoulder blade (scapula). The labrum is a ring of fibrous cartilage surrounding the glenoid for stabilization of the shoulder joint. The biceps tendon attaches inside the shoulder joint at the superior labrum of the shoulder joint. The biceps tendon is a long cord-like structure which attaches the biceps muscle to the shoulder and helps to stabilize the joint.

Arthroscopy is a minimally invasive diagnostic and surgical procedure performed for joint problems. Shoulder arthroscopy is performed using a pencil-sized instrument called an Arthroscope. The arthroscope consists of a light system and camera to project images to a computer screen for your surgeon to view the surgical site.

The rotator cuff is the group of tendons and muscles in the shoulder joint providing support and enabling wider range of motion. Major injury to these tendons may result in tearing of these tendons and the condition is call a rotator cuff tear. It is one of the most common causes of shoulder pain in middle aged adults and older individuals. It may occur with repeated use of arm for overhead activities, while playing sports or during everyday activities.